Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Website Site
Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Website Learning
Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Websites
Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Website Page

SAT Physics Subject Test

4 Forces and Newton’s Laws. Describe a model for friction a molecular level. Describe matter in terms of molecular motion. The description should include: diagrams to support the description, how the particle mass and temperature affect the image, what are the differences and similarities between solid, liquid and gas particle motion; how the size and speed of gas molecules relate to everyday objects. To learn more about how forces are applied to sports, WEb LInK go To NELSoN SCiENCE 3.3 Figure 2 The relationship among. 130 Chapter 3. Newton’s Laws of Motion NEL 7381aPhyCh03pp108-159.indd 130 1/6/11 1:12:06 PM. Figure 3 The graph of net force versus acceleration is linear, and the slope.

Chapter 3 Newton”s Laws

Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Website Site

Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Website Learning

In the previous chapter we studied the vocabulary and equations that describe motion. Now we will learn why things move the way they do; this is the subject of dynamics.

An interaction between two bodies, a push or a pull, is called a force. You see examples of forces every day. If you lift a book, you exert an upward force (created by your muscles) on it. If you pull on a rope that”s attached to a crate, you create a tension in the rope that pulls the crate. When a skydiver is falling through the air, the earth is exerting a downward pull called gravitational force, and the air exerts an upward force called air resistance. When you stand on the floor, the floor provides an upward, supporting force called the normal force. If you slide a book across a table, the table exerts a frictional force against the book, so the book slows down and then stops. Static cling provides a directly observable example of the electrostatic force.

Sir Isaac Newton published a book in 1687 called Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Latin for “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”)—referred to nowadays as simply The Principia—that began the modern study of physics as a scientific discipline. To score well on force questions on the SAT Physics Subject Test, you will need to know about three of the laws that Newton stated in The Principia. These laws form the basis of dynamics and are known as Newton”slaws of motion.

THE FIRST LAW

Newton”s first law says that an object will continue in its state of motion unless compelled to change by a force impressed upon it.

If the object is at rest, then it will stay at rest, and if it is moving, then it will continue to move at a constant speed in a straight line.

Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Websites

The Skinny on the First Law

Chapter 3newton's Laws Of Motionmr.'s Learning Website Page

Mass is a measure of inertia; the more mass an object has the more the object resists changing its velocity. For example, if you hit a bowling ball with a bat, there”s not much change in the ball”s velocity. But if you hit a baseball with a bat with the same force, there”s a bigger change in velocity. Since a bowling ball has more mass, it has more inertia.

Basically, no force means no change in velocity. This property of objects—their natural resistance to changes in their state of motion—is called inertia. In fact, the first law is often referred to as the law of inertia.

Chapter 3 Sections 2 & 3 Newton's Laws Reading Guide

Review pages 80-92 in the Physical Science with EarthScience book and answer the following questions:

Explain Newton’s first law of motion AND give an example.

What is inertia?

Explain the relationship between mass and inertia.

What has more mass: a car or a bicycle? Explain.

Explain Newton’s second law of motion AND give an example.

How are throwing a ball as hard as you can and tossing different in terms of force and velocity?

Explain why a baseball accelerates more than a softball when they are thrown with the same force.

Explain how Newton’s second law of motion relates force, mass, and acceleration.

If a helicopter’s mass is 4,500 kg and the net force on it is 18,000 N upward, what is its acceleration? (Show your work)

Explain Newton’s third law of motion AND give an example.

Explain why forces on different objects do not cancel.

Explain the statement: “forces are interactions between objects.”

Explain what happens in a car crash in terms of Newton’s laws of motion.

What is air-resistance? How does air-resistance affect airplanes?

How does size and shape affect how much air resistance an object will experience?

Describe terminal velocity.

What does a falling object’s terminal velocity depend on?

Explain free fall.

What does it mean to say that something is weightless?

What is centripetal force?

Give an example of a centripetal force.

Explain the law of conservation of momentum.

Give an example that illustrates the law of conservation of momentum.

Explain how a rocket can move through outer space where there is no matter for it to push on.

Thinking Critically: Suppose you are standing on a scale in an elevator that is accelerating upward. Will the scale read your weight as larger or smaller than the weight it reads when you are not moving? Explain.